Learning Objectives & Bloom's Taxonomy

Learning Objectives: The Foundation of Curriculum Design

Every effective lesson, unit, and course starts with a clear answer to one question: What will students be able to DO after this learning experience that they couldn't do before?

That answer is your learning objective — and the precision of that objective determines the quality of everything that follows: instruction, activities, and assessment.

Bloom's Taxonomy: The Verb Framework

Benjamin Bloom's taxonomy (revised by Anderson & Krathwohl, 2001) organizes cognitive processes from simple to complex:

| Level | Cognitive Process | Example Verbs | |-------|------------------|---------------| | Remember | Retrieve knowledge | Define, list, recall, identify, name | | Understand | Construct meaning | Explain, summarize, paraphrase, classify, compare | | Apply | Use in new situations | Calculate, demonstrate, solve, implement, use | | Analyze | Break into parts, find relationships | Differentiate, organize, attribute, compare, deconstruct | | Evaluate | Make judgments | Justify, critique, assess, argue, defend | | Create | Produce new work | Design, construct, develop, formulate, compose |

Framework: Learning Objective Generator